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@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ By entering `cowsay "Hello" | lolcat`, the output of the first command `cowsay`
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`lolcat` takes the input, colors it and outputs it again!
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`lolcat` takes the input, colors it and outputs it again!
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Many Linux commands support handeling input of another command.
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Many Linux commands support handling input of another command.
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You might have seen in the manual of `wc` in day 1 that the file as an argument is only optional. How could you use `wc` without arguments?
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You might have seen in the manual of `wc` in day 1 that the file as an argument is only optional. How could you use `wc` without arguments?
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@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ You can see that you can use multiple pipes. This allows for almost infinite com
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Being able to combine commands is the reason why many commands are simple. They do one thing and do it well! To do more, combine them!
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Being able to combine commands is the reason why many commands are simple. They do one thing and do it well! To do more, combine them!
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This is much more flexibel and powerful that a program that tries to do a lot of things.
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This is much more flexible and powerful that a program that tries to do a lot of things.
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## Input, output
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## Input, output
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@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ Now run `chmod +x which-os.sh`. Then run `./which-os.sh`.
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---
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---
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I am really sorry, but I can not continue this book during the course. It was not only meant for the couse but also like a personal project that I wanted to keep on the internet even after the course.
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I am really sorry, but I can not continue this book during the course. It was not only meant for the course but also like a personal project that I wanted to keep on the internet even after the course.
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But I did underestimate the huge amount of time it takes to write such a book/script.
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But I did underestimate the huge amount of time it takes to write such a book/script.
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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ In this task, we want to write our own job scheduler.
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Understanding how job schedulers work is important when you are working on a computer cluster.
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Understanding how job schedulers work is important when you are working on a computer cluster.
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Computer clusters are shared by many users. Therefore, running jobs on a cluster has to be scheduled to make sure that the resources are shared probebly.
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Computer clusters are shared by many users. Therefore, running jobs on a cluster has to be scheduled to make sure that the resources are shared probably.
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In this task, we will keep it simple. No aspects of multiple users or any optimizations.
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In this task, we will keep it simple. No aspects of multiple users or any optimizations.
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@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ We will use the program `inotifywait`. This program can monitor a directory and
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1. Create a file **outside** of the directory `jobs` and then copy it to the directory `jobs`.
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1. Create a file **outside** of the directory `jobs` and then copy it to the directory `jobs`.
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1. Go back to the first terminal and see the output of `inotifywait` was.
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1. Go back to the first terminal and see the output of `inotifywait` was.
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1. Based on the output, choose an event that you want to listen to with `inotifywait` that tells you when a file is _completely_ added to the directory `jobs`. Use the manual to read more about specific events.
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1. Based on the output, choose an event that you want to listen to with `inotifywait` that tells you when a file is _completely_ added to the directory `jobs`. Use the manual to read more about specific events.
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1. Find an option that lets you tell `inotifywait` to only notify when the choosen event occurs.
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1. Find an option that lets you tell `inotifywait` to only notify when the chosen event occurs.
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1. Find an option that lets you format the output of the notification of `inotifywait`. Since we only listen on one event and monitor only one directory, an output that shows only the name of the new file should be enough.
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1. Find an option that lets you format the output of the notification of `inotifywait`. Since we only listen on one event and monitor only one directory, an output that shows only the name of the new file should be enough.
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1. Enter the command that you have until now in a script. Now extend it by using a `while` loop that continously listens on the notifications of `inotifywait`. Use the following snippet while replacing the sections with `(...)`:
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1. Enter the command that you have until now in a script. Now extend it by using a `while` loop that continuously listens on the notifications of `inotifywait`. Use the following snippet while replacing the sections with `(...)`:
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```bash
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```bash
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inotifywait (...) | while read FILENAME
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inotifywait (...) | while read FILENAME
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do
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do
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@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ ssh HOST
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> WARNING ⚠️ :
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> WARNING ⚠️ :
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>
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>
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> Verify that you are only asked for the passphrase of the SSH key before continueing in this section!
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> Verify that you are only asked for the passphrase of the SSH key before continuing in this section!
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>
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>
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> If you are asked for the password of the user on the server when connecting, then the authentication with a key did not work. Therefore, don't set `PasswordAuthentication no`! Fix the issue with the key authentication first. **Otherwise, you will be locked out of the server!** ⚠️
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> If you are asked for the password of the user on the server when connecting, then the authentication with a key did not work. Therefore, don't set `PasswordAuthentication no`! Fix the issue with the key authentication first. **Otherwise, you will be locked out of the server!** ⚠️
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@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ After that I add you public key, connect to the server using the host name that
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1. `cd` to the home directory of the new user.
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1. `cd` to the home directory of the new user.
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1. Make sure that you are in the home directory of the new user! Run `pwd` to verify that you are NOT in `/home/admin`. **`PLEASE DON'T TOUCH /home/admin/.ssh`** ⚠️ . Now, create the directory `~/.ssh` in the home directory of the new user. Change the permissions of `~/.ssh` such that only the user has read, write and execution permissions. _group_ and _others_ should have no permissions for `~/.ssh`!
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1. Make sure that you are in the home directory of the new user! Run `pwd` to verify that you are NOT in `/home/admin`. **`PLEASE DON'T TOUCH /home/admin/.ssh`** ⚠️ . Now, create the directory `~/.ssh` in the home directory of the new user. Change the permissions of `~/.ssh` such that only the user has read, write and execution permissions. _group_ and _others_ should have no permissions for `~/.ssh`!
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1. Create the file `authorized_keys` inside `~/.ssh`. Only the user should have read and write permissions for the file. _group_ and _others_ should have no permissions for the file!
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1. Create the file `authorized_keys` inside `~/.ssh`. Only the user should have read and write permissions for the file. _group_ and _others_ should have no permissions for the file!
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1. Copy the content of your public key file (with `.pub` as extention) to this file. It should be one line! Then save the file.
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1. Copy the content of your public key file (with `.pub` as extension) to this file. It should be one line! Then save the file.
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1. Logout from the server. Go to `~/.ssh/config` that you did write at the beginning of this task. Change the user for the host `linux-lab` from `admin` to `USERNAME` where `USERNAME` is the name of the new user that you did create on the server.
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1. Logout from the server. Go to `~/.ssh/config` that you did write at the beginning of this task. Change the user for the host `linux-lab` from `admin` to `USERNAME` where `USERNAME` is the name of the new user that you did create on the server.
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1. Try to connect using the host name again. If you did everything right, you should be connected and be the user that you did create. Run `whoami` to verify that the output is not "admin".
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1. Try to connect using the host name again. If you did everything right, you should be connected and be the user that you did create. Run `whoami` to verify that the output is not "admin".
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