Done day 2

.gitignore

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
 Manifest.toml
 
 Solutions*.jl
+
+Day_2/resources/new_test.txt

Day_2/Day_2.jl

@@ -4,9 +4,21 @@
 using Markdown
 using InteractiveUtils
 
+# This Pluto notebook uses @bind for interactivity. When running this notebook outside of Pluto, the following 'mock version' of @bind gives bound variables a default value (instead of an error).
+macro bind(def, element)
+    quote
+        local iv = try Base.loaded_modules[Base.PkgId(Base.UUID("6e696c72-6542-2067-7265-42206c756150"), "AbstractPlutoDingetjes")].Bonds.initial_value catch; b -> missing; end
+        local el = $(esc(element))
+        global $(esc(def)) = Core.applicable(Base.get, el) ? Base.get(el) : iv(el)
+        el
+    end
+end
+
 # ╔═╡ b3260050-4542-489d-b015-17092166095d
-# Import the plotting package we are going to use in this course
-using Plots
+begin
+	# Import the plotting package we are going to use in this course
+	using Plots
+end
 
 # ╔═╡ 755b4cb8-e3ea-4142-bffd-e6db5f971d7c
 # Oh, no, you found my secret! 😱
@@ -280,18 +292,172 @@ More importantly, you can define your own types with *structs* and define how `j
 We will get into that later when structs are explained.
 """
 
+# ╔═╡ bc24a7a5-9638-4502-b24a-fecc406d9658
+md"""
+# I/O
+I/O stand for input/output. In this section, we will learn the basics about reading and writing files.
+
+I/O knowledge will especially help us to read some files containing data to analyse.
+"""
+
+# ╔═╡ 274342cb-19a9-4e71-a23e-7c7da18a8022
+md"""
+## Reading files
+"""
+
+# ╔═╡ 1e75c110-005c-494f-9569-5eca01cb0545
+begin
+	# Initialize an empty array of the type String
+	# If you just use `[]` without `String`, Julia initializes an empty array with the type `Any` because it can not know what the array will contain.
+	# We did already learn that array with the type `Any` are harmful for performance 🐢
+	lines = String[]
+	
+	# Open a file by specifying the path to the file and the mode in which it is opened with.
+	# The mode "r" stands for read-only. This means that we can only read but not change the content of the file.
+	# For more modes, check the documentation of `open` 📚️
+	open("resources/test.txt", "r") do io
+		lines = readlines(io)
+	end
+	# The file is automatically closed
+end
+
+# ╔═╡ 4a10ce80-0053-44c8-aee8-6a1982749fa2
+# `lines` is now a vector of strings. Each string is one line in the file that was read.
+lines
+
+# ╔═╡ 2e94396b-89e0-44d7-aec4-303ee782a8ee
+md"""
+## Writing files
+"""
+
+# ╔═╡ 866e5958-a2bd-4625-aaa7-9e049fe8bbe2
+begin
+	# `lines` is copied here to avoid problems with Pluto
+	# If you are not using Pluto, you can modify `lines` directly
+	new_lines = copy(lines)
+
+	# Modify one line
+	new_lines[3] = "Meaningful line"
+
+	# Open a new file in write mode (w)
+	open("resources/new_test.txt", "w") do io
+		# Write every line into the file
+		for line in new_lines
+			# ⚠️ Make sure you give `println` the argument `io`!
+			println(io, line)
+		end
+	end
+end
+
 # ╔═╡ d75af522-aed2-11ec-0953-bff6f6282a47
 md"""
 # Plotting
 Especially after learning about mutating and pure functions, we are now ready to dive into the world of plotting with Julia 🤿
 """
 
-# ╔═╡ 53b254bb-2394-4cdc-9b1b-8461196698dc
+# ╔═╡ d3f262fd-4403-4b8e-8e42-6185c299eaf3
 # Choose a backend
 plotly()
 
-# ╔═╡ bc24a7a5-9638-4502-b24a-fecc406d9658
+# ╔═╡ 3742316b-19c5-476b-8a25-dbe5b0c6587c
+md"""
+## Line plots
+After the setup for plotting, lets see a simple example.
+"""
 
+# ╔═╡ 1bb93b3b-1939-408c-9afa-39f7fc556b9b
+# Similar to `range`. Read the documentation of `LinRange` to see the difference 📚️
+x = LinRange(0, 2 * π, 250)
+
+# ╔═╡ ee53e8fc-a342-43ee-948e-10c8494afbad
+# Broadcasting the function to all elements of x
+sin_y = sin.(x)
+
+# ╔═╡ aa2e51f7-9dd3-4f77-9503-da536c6a8f7b
+plot(x, sin_y)
+
+# ╔═╡ 5f9f92e2-1755-4d66-bc19-53355d5ce01f
+md"""
+Pretty easy, right? 😍
+
+What if we want more than one plot in one figure? 🤔
+"""
+
+# ╔═╡ 1d038daa-ee1f-4058-8be3-c42dd8236206
+cos_y = cos.(x)
+
+# ╔═╡ a93e1083-b0dd-41bb-a377-d8436bd028ed
+begin
+	plot(x, sin_y)
+	
+	# Every plot after the first one has to use an exclamation mark because it is mutating the original plot
+	plot!(x, cos_y)
+end
+
+# ╔═╡ 64134500-58ed-45b5-884e-e909c99f6e66
+md"""
+Especially for scientific usage, this plot is not enough. It is missing a lot of important elements. Some of them are:
+- Axis labels
+- Proper legend
+- Title
+
+So lets add some more details into the `sin` plot!
+"""
+
+# ╔═╡ c5e15ad6-8d0b-4c01-9687-0dea750469a1
+plot(
+	x, sin_y,
+	xlabel="x",
+	ylabel="sin(x)",
+	label="sin",
+	title="Plotting example",
+)
+
+# ╔═╡ ca292895-ea2a-4fc0-975f-d9a8d40ac068
+# Setting more options
+plot(
+	x, sin_y,
+	xlabel="x",
+	ylabel="sin(x)",
+	label="sin",
+	title="Simple example",
+	color="red", # Change color
+	linestyle=:dash, # Change linestyle
+)
+
+# ╔═╡ 7cc3b76d-6388-4499-8647-9d1fccc6a8c4
+md"""
+For more information about all possible attributes and values, visit this link:
+
+https://docs.juliaplots.org/latest/attributes/
+"""
+
+# ╔═╡ c61b154c-0e2c-4c19-b5fc-17a68a25ccb0
+md"""
+## Interactive plots
+"""
+
+# ╔═╡ 91383d53-1a7e-42f2-a10b-a71b20aa4186
+# This is how you implement a slider
+@bind a Slider(0.1:0.1:2)
+
+# ╔═╡ 2f3f0391-6898-4f3d-aa8a-ba33070fc59f
+md"""
+`a =` $a
+"""
+
+# ╔═╡ 42074ac6-bf37-4551-8769-3c4d2dfb0298
+plot(
+	x, sin.(x ./ a),
+	xlabel="x",
+	ylabel="sin(x / a)",
+	label="a = $a",
+)
+
+# ╔═╡ 62a4765d-d426-442d-92c2-44efb389c7a9
+md"""
+Plotting to be continued 😉
+"""
 
 # ╔═╡ 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001
 PLUTO_PROJECT_TOML_CONTENTS = """
@@ -1252,10 +1418,31 @@ version = "0.9.1+5"
 # ╠═db3865d7-95ae-4c38-8e24-9271d8341294
 # ╠═ea67cee1-540b-453f-a484-a303c89316cb
 # ╟─49980a06-0e1c-4fc9-8e9d-630021f33cf3
+# ╟─bc24a7a5-9638-4502-b24a-fecc406d9658
+# ╟─274342cb-19a9-4e71-a23e-7c7da18a8022
+# ╠═1e75c110-005c-494f-9569-5eca01cb0545
+# ╠═4a10ce80-0053-44c8-aee8-6a1982749fa2
+# ╟─2e94396b-89e0-44d7-aec4-303ee782a8ee
+# ╠═866e5958-a2bd-4625-aaa7-9e049fe8bbe2
 # ╟─d75af522-aed2-11ec-0953-bff6f6282a47
 # ╠═b3260050-4542-489d-b015-17092166095d
-# ╠═53b254bb-2394-4cdc-9b1b-8461196698dc
-# ╠═bc24a7a5-9638-4502-b24a-fecc406d9658
+# ╠═d3f262fd-4403-4b8e-8e42-6185c299eaf3
+# ╟─3742316b-19c5-476b-8a25-dbe5b0c6587c
+# ╠═1bb93b3b-1939-408c-9afa-39f7fc556b9b
+# ╠═ee53e8fc-a342-43ee-948e-10c8494afbad
+# ╠═aa2e51f7-9dd3-4f77-9503-da536c6a8f7b
+# ╟─5f9f92e2-1755-4d66-bc19-53355d5ce01f
+# ╠═1d038daa-ee1f-4058-8be3-c42dd8236206
+# ╠═a93e1083-b0dd-41bb-a377-d8436bd028ed
+# ╟─64134500-58ed-45b5-884e-e909c99f6e66
+# ╠═c5e15ad6-8d0b-4c01-9687-0dea750469a1
+# ╠═ca292895-ea2a-4fc0-975f-d9a8d40ac068
+# ╟─7cc3b76d-6388-4499-8647-9d1fccc6a8c4
+# ╟─c61b154c-0e2c-4c19-b5fc-17a68a25ccb0
+# ╠═91383d53-1a7e-42f2-a10b-a71b20aa4186
+# ╟─2f3f0391-6898-4f3d-aa8a-ba33070fc59f
+# ╠═42074ac6-bf37-4551-8769-3c4d2dfb0298
+# ╟─62a4765d-d426-442d-92c2-44efb389c7a9
 # ╟─755b4cb8-e3ea-4142-bffd-e6db5f971d7c
 # ╟─00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001
 # ╟─00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000002

Day_2/Tasks_day_2.jl

@@ -42,6 +42,38 @@ The function `universal_pop` should be able to deal with (and only with) the fol
 # Your code starts here
 
 
+# ╔═╡ a7f0b201-a4fc-4f8b-8277-c7cbace12c60
+md"""
+# DNA analysis
+The file `resources/DNA.txt` has only one line.
+
+Read the file and count the nucleotides 'A', 'T', 'G' and 'C' in this file. Calculate the occurancy percentage for each nucleotide.
+"""
+
+# ╔═╡ 0bde137a-bc78-4204-971a-999c66eada47
+# Your code starts here
+
+
+# ╔═╡ f6981f2f-03ca-4f54-8ba1-bb1ad3bc201a
+md"""
+# Line plots
+Plot the following functions in one figure with $x \in [-4π, 4π]$
+
+- $a \sinh(b x) + d$
+- $a \cosh(b x) + d$
+- $a \tanh(b x) + d$
+- $a e^{b x - c} + d$
+- $a e^{(b x - c)^2} + d$
+
+Make sure you use unique linestyles, colors and labels.
+
+First, implement 4 sliders for the variables `a`, `b`, `c` and `d` in the interval $[-1, 1]$.
+"""
+
+# ╔═╡ 5959e8ce-6526-439e-8d5f-a45e3f2d9b26
+# Your code starts here
+
+
 # ╔═╡ 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001
 PLUTO_PROJECT_TOML_CONTENTS = """
 [deps]
@@ -58,8 +90,12 @@ manifest_format = "2.0"
 """
 
 # ╔═╡ Cell order:
-# ╠═ce10609f-94ee-4b39-95b8-a2573c60b0e7
+# ╟─ce10609f-94ee-4b39-95b8-a2573c60b0e7
 # ╟─148125d2-aed5-11ec-2e5b-715891a04c69
 # ╠═1dcfef68-48c3-4e54-9ac7-d0eba40621c8
+# ╟─a7f0b201-a4fc-4f8b-8277-c7cbace12c60
+# ╠═0bde137a-bc78-4204-971a-999c66eada47
+# ╟─f6981f2f-03ca-4f54-8ba1-bb1ad3bc201a
+# ╠═5959e8ce-6526-439e-8d5f-a45e3f2d9b26
 # ╟─00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001
 # ╟─00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000002

Day_2/resources/test.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+This is a test file
+This is the second line
+Blabla
+42
+Julia is awesome!